Insects free fulltext three release rates of dicyphus hesperus. Dicyphus hesperus knight, 1943 primary references edit knight, h. Pdf three release rates of dicyphus hesperus hemiptera. In this study, we investigated if and how effective this pest can be controlled in gerbera by the omnivorous predator macrolophus pygmaeus rambur. Biology and control of arthropod pests of horticultural. The miridae are a large and diverse insect family at one time known by the taxonomic synonym capsidae. Restrictions on insecticides in enclosed structures and the presence of commercial pollinators limit the options for the chemical control of whiteflies in greenhouses, increasing the importance of biological controls. Mar 12, 2018 accounting for inflation, initial costs of t. Dicyphus hesperus is a beneficial insect that specializes in the biological control. Nymphs are bright green while winged adults are black.
She has published four first author publications, one coauthored publication, and coauthored a book chapter from that project. The western tarnished plant bug lygus hesperus is an economically important pest that belongs to a complex of morphologically similar species that makes identification problematic. The taxonomic tree is divided into the following seven subfamilies and numerous. Dicyphus hesperus is widely distributed over north america. The predatory bug, dicyphus hesperus is similar to macrolophus caliginosus, which is being used in europe to control whitefly, spider mites, moth eggs and aphids. Dicyphus hesperus feeds on leaf tissue, even when prey are available and relies on water obtained from feeding on leaves to replenish reserves lost to extraoral digestion 14, 15. Read, highlight, and take notes, across web, tablet, and phone.
Florida is the largest producer of fresh tomato in the united states. Potential use of dicyphus hesperus knight heteroptera. Investigating the diet of the omnivorous mirid dicyphus. The effectiveness of inoculative releases of the mirid predator dicyphus hesperus knight for control of frankliniella occidentalis pergande on greenhouse tomatoes was evaluated in terms of suppression of the population densities of f. Podisus maculiventris spined soldier bug colorado potato beetles and caterpillars on. Interguild influences on intraguild predation in plant. To evaluate whether participants were learning about beneficial insect identification and biology during our extension and. It is best to establish the dicyphus population with the help of mullein plants. Dicyphus hesperus is a generalist predatory bug that is primarily released for whitefly control, but will feed on other pests such as thrips, moth eggs and mites. Evaluation of dicyphus hesperus for biological control of. In westcentral and southwest florida, the most important horticultural crops include tomatoes, peppers, and strawberries.
Biological control of silverleaf whitefly bemisia tabaci using predatory bugs, dicyphus hesperus and orius insidiosus. This predator is able to establish itself in greenhouses, keeping constant pressure on pest populations. The potential of the mirid predator dicyphus hesperus knight heteroptera. To quantify these interactions, stable isotope analysis was used to identify trophic position with nitrogen isotopes. The emphasis is on management of whiteflies, pepper weevil, mites, thrips and caterpillars using chemical, biological, and cultural techniques, as well as semiochemicals. Biological sciences windsor publications department of. Dicyphus hesperus knight other status information most countries require a licence to be issued before nonnative macroorganisms may be released as biocontrol agents. Dicyphus hesperus is a species of true bug in the family miridae. An lygus hesperus in uska species han insecta nga ginhulagway ni knight hadton 1917. Vanlaerhoven, incorporating behaviour into simple models of dispersal using the biological control agent dicyphus hesperus, ecological modelling, 220, 23, 3271, 2009.
It has been especially successful for control of whitefly on greenhouse tomato crops. This family includes a large number of species, many of which are still unknown, distributed in more than 0 genera. Dicyphus tamaninii as a beneficial insect and pest in tomato crops in catalonia, spain. Dicyphus hesperus feeds on leaf tissue, even when prey are available 16. The 92 research posters on this webpage represent the work of 189 ufv students from an impressive array of fields and disciplines a panel of qualified ufv researchers, faculty, and administrators scored students posters on quality of scholarship, organization, visual appeal, and importancerelevance of research we are proud to announce this years award recipients, who will each receive. Biological control of greenhouse whitefly trialeurodes. Goals objectives the goals of the project are to develop practical arthropod pest management tools for growers of horticultural crops in florida and related regions. We examined patch residence times for an omnivorous predator, dicyphus hesperus on a variety of plants and prey. Banker plants for aphid biological control in greenhouses.
Miridae as a biological control agent of the sweetpotato whitefly, bemisia tabaci gennadius hemiptera. Patch retention time in an omnivore, dicyphus hesperus is. Threat of infection and threatavoidance behavior in the. Dicyphus hesperus sucks sap from various plants and preys on whitefly and red spider mites and can be used in biological pest control. Florida is a leading producer of horticultural crops, which contribute over a billion dollars annually to the states economy. Dec, 2018 the poinsettia thrips echinothrips americanus morgan is a relatively new pest that has spread rapidly worldwide and causes serious damage in both vegetable and ornamental plants. Although mites dont have the size or strength to feed on adult whitefly, they do love to eat whitefly eggs. The omnivorous predator macrolophus pygmaeus, a good. Dicyphus hesperus is used along with encarsia formosa for biocontrol of whiteflies in greenhouse tomato crops. Dicyphus hesperus is a generalist predator who feeds on whitesflies, thrips, aphids, moth eggs and other pests.
Or, a treatise of birds, beasts, fishes, reptiles, or insects, which are commonly known and propagated in this. Numerical response of nesidiocoris tenuis hemiptera. It is a predator on pest insects including many species of whitefly, aphids, lepidopterans and mites. Dicyphus should not be used on its own to replace other. Sherah vanlaerhovens lab at the university of windsor in september 2010. Garden fleahopper on the university of florida institute of food and agricultural sciences featured creatures website. Mar 20, 2020 dicyphus hesperus is a species of true bug in the family miridae. Hemipterans, or true bugs, belong to the phylum arthropoda, superclass hexapoda, class insecta, order hemiptera, and four suborders. Roitberg link deadlock, a novel protein of drosophila, is required for germline maintenance, fusome morphogenesis and axial patterning in oogenesis and associates with centrosomes in. A predator of whiteflies and other soft bodied insects that may be used for their biological control example pests controlled. Hemiptera is the largest order of hemimetabolous insects those not undergoing complete metamorphosis, although male scale insects coccoidea do undergo a form of complete. Biological control of the greenhouse whitefly can be effective in tomato crops that are interplanted on trough and provided with supplemental lighting.
Dicyphus hesperus knight has good potential as a biological control agent for. Dicyphus is used successfully in several greenhouses in north america adult and nymph are predator and very effective to control several species of whiteflies and thrips in. Student research day research, engagement and graduate. Patch residence times were typically greater than 24 h. Life cycle is direct development from egg through 5 nymphal stages to adult. Mites such as amblyseius swirskii are yet another preventative biological agent for whitefly. Intraguild predation by the generalist predator dicyphus hesperus on the parasitoid encarsia formosa article pdf available in biocontrol science and technology 153. Psyllidae in tomato was investigated in two experiments. Hesperusline biological control agent contains the predatory bug, dicyphus hesperus. Patch retention time in an omnivore, dicyphus hesperus is dependent on both host plant and prey type, sherah l. Miridae for biological control of pests of greenhouse tomatoes. It is the largest family of true bugs belonging to the suborder heteroptera. The present study provides evidence for the use of dna barcodes from populations of l.
Aleyrodidae and the potato psyllid, bactericera cockerelli sulcer hemiptera. Despite the initial cost for the introduction of dicyphus hesperus with ephestia eggs on mullein banker. Environmental fate ecotoxicology human health a to z index home. Three new species of nesidiocoris kirkaldy from japan, with a. Dicyphus will feed on twospotted spider mite tetranychus urtica, e thrips and moth eggs but will not control these pests.
Hesperusline, dicyphus hesperus predatory bug bioline. The potential of dicyphus hesperus as a biological control agent of. Dicyphus hesperus a beneficial insect against whitefly. Miridae, an omnivorous biological control agent 2015. The first experiment focused on the study of the life history traits of d. It is a generalist predator of other insects and also feeds on plant tissues. Dicyphus hesperus sucks sap from various plants and preys on and.
Three new species of nesidiocoris kirkaldy from japan. Identification of lygus hesperus by dna barcoding reveals insignificant levels of genetic structure among distant and habitat diverse populations changqing zhou, 1 irfan kandemir, 2 douglas b. Intraguild predation by the generalist predator dicyphus. The sweetpotato whitefly, bemisia tabaci, is a pest of greenhousegrown tomato. An lygus hesperus in nahilalakip ha genus nga lygus, ngan familia nga miridae. Effect of adult age and insect density of dicyphus tamaninii wagner heteroptera. Common names include plant bugs, leaf bugs, and grass bugs. Auchenorrhyncha, coleorrhyncha, sternorrhyncha, and heteroptera. Miridae is a slender bug about 6mm in length when in adult stage. Effects of plants and supplemental prey on establishment of. Part of the biology commons, entomology commons, and the plant sciences commons recommended citation vankosky, meghan ann, an experimental analysis of the effects of plant and prey quality on the life history and behaviour of dicyphus hesperus knight hemiptera. Miscellaneous see more details for whitefly nymphs nymphs subject category. Species in the family may be referred to as capsid bugs or mirid bugs. Macrolophus pygmaeus rambur and nesidiocoris tenuis reuter are widely used as biological control agents of b.
Banker plant systems consist of arthropod natural enemies i. The effects of mullein plants verbascum thapsus on the population dynamics of dicyphus hesperus heteroptera. The functions of plant feeding in the omnivorous predator dicyphus hesperus. The potential of dicyphus hesperus knight as a predator of greenhouse whitefly, trialeurodes vaporariorum. Biology and control of arthropod pests of horticultural crops. Dicyphus hesperus greenhouse and tobacco whiteflies. Identification of lygus hesperus by dna barcoding reveals. Plant feeding in an omnivorous mirid, dicyphus hesperus. Because herbivores on plants can interact through a. Combined used of dicyphus hesperus and parasitoids encarsia and eretmocerus in such a system have provided good control in quebec canada. Research on mirids of southern california at uc riverside. Dicyphus hesperus is a generalist omnivore which feeds on all components of the system. Three release rates of dicyphus hesperus hemiptera.
It is native to north america and has been used there in biological control of agricultural pests, especially whitefly on tomatoes. Prey availability and plant feeding influence correlates of fitness in this species as shown in a series of studies that we have conducted 16, 17. It is therefore used all over the world for control of pests. We determined the threat of infection posed by the entomopathogen, paecilomyces fumosoroseus as pfr97tm to the generalist predator, dicyphus hesperus.
The 92 research posters on this webpage represent the work of 189 ufv students from an impressive array of fields and disciplines a panel of qualified ufv researchers, faculty, and administrators scored students posters on quality of scholarship, organization, visual appeal, and importancerelevance of research. Five new species of dicyphus from western north america and one new cyrtopeltis hemiptera, miridae. Evaluation of dicyphus hesperus for biological control of sweet potato whitefly and potato psyllid on greenhouse tomato. Greenhouse whitefly trialeurodes vaporarioru, tobacco whitefly m bemisia tabaci. The nature and severity of intraguild interactions between predators and entomopathogens will be determined, in part, by a combination of threat of infection, and avoidance of that threat by the predator. Mirid bug, dicyphus hesperus university of california, irvine. Gillespie agriculture and agrifoods canada research station, agassiz, bc. Dicyphus hesperus is a zoophytophagous mirid predator native to north america. Evaluation of dicyphus hesperus for biological control of sweet potato white.